Si-OH sites and metal ions on glass are the primary anchoring points. Phosphate monomers do not need the hydrolysis step required by silanes, can participate directly in free-radical cure and build strong polar interactions at the interface.
Ink systems must also solve pigment wetting, rheology and depth of cure. KM2140 offers oil solubility and flexibility for selected glass inks; KM2110 suits higher anchoring demand; KM2120 suits light-coloured or clear systems.
Use cross-hatch, tape peel, boiling water, alcohol rub and colour or gloss change together. Glass cleaning methods change results significantly, so pretreatment must be fixed.